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Document Type |
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Article In Journal |
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Document Title |
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Rainwater chemistry at urban and suburban areas in Greater Cairo الخواص الكيميائية للأمطار المتساقطة على المناطق الحضرية والضواحى بالقاهرة الكبرى |
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Document Language |
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English |
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Abstract |
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Abstract
Rainwater samples were collected from urban (El-Maadi, Cairo) and suburban (Kafr Tohormos, Giza) areas in greater Cairo during the winter season (2003 - 2004), and were analyzed for major cations (Ca2+, K+, Mg2+, Na+ and NH4+) and anions (SO42-, NO3-, Cl- and HCO3-). The average concentrations of these ions in rainwater were found to follow the pattern Ca2+> SO42-> Mg2+> Cl-> Na+> NH4+> K+> NO3-> HCO3- at the urban area, and Ca2+> SO42-> Mg2+> Cl-> Na+> NH4+> HCO3-> K+> NO3- at the suburban area. The concentrations of Ca2+, SO42-, Mg2+, Cl-, Na+, K+ and NO3- at the urban area were significantly higher than those found at the suburban area. The ratios of different components with respect to sea water ratio, enrichment factors and sea salt fractions indicated that nearly all the Ca2+, SO42- and K+ and fractions of Mg2+ and Cl- were of non-marine origin at both sites. The average values of pH were 6.94 at the urban area and 7.41 at the suburban area. Rainwater acidity at urban and suburban areas in greater Cairo appeared to decrease due to high loading of dust particles in the atmosphere, which are rich in alkaline species. The relationships between the acid ions NO3- and SO42- and the cations NH4+, Ca2+ and Mg2+, and also between the various anion and cation combinations indicated that the acidity of precipitation is neutralized. Neutralization factors revealed that Ca2+ is the most dominant neutralization substance in both the urban and the suburban areas in greater Cairo atmosphere. |
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ISSN |
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1219-1221 |
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Journal Name |
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Central European Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine |
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Volume |
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13 |
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Issue Number |
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2 |
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Publishing Year |
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1428 AH
2007 AD |
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Article Type |
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Article |
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Added Date |
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Monday, August 29, 2011 |
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Researchers
| ممدوح ابراهيم خضير | khoder, Mamdouh Ibraheim | Investigator | Doctorate | Khoder_55@yahoo.com |
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